1. Chinese

Technically, Chinese is a "macro-language" that encompasses dozens of different dialects and forms that together have just short of 1.2 billion native speakers. In total there is 1197 million native speakers ( Mandarin having 848 million speakers ). Mandarin, is also the most widely spoken variety of Chinese with 70% of China's entire population .

As stated in the Oxford English Dictionary ( OED ), Chinese words have been recorded in English since the mid- 16th century, with early examples like tai chi ( year 1736 ), ginseng ( year 1634 ), yin and yang ( year 1671 ),  kumquat ( yer 1699 ), and feng shui ( year 1797 ).  To conclude, the earliest of all "loanwords" from the CHinese language, is lychee ( year 1588 ).

2. Spanish

Out of the 399 million Spanish speakers, 1/4 live in Mexico, while 41 million live in Colombia, 38.8 million in Argentina, 26.3 million in Venezuela, with 34.2 million in the United States, as in Spain ( 38. 4 million ).

Spanish "loanwords" in English are characterized by term from military and weaponry ( guerrilla, flotilla, armada, and machete ), animal names ( chinchilla, alligator, cockroach, iguana), and lastly, the terms from food and drink ( potato, banana, anchovy, vanilla).

3. English

The English language's 335 million native speakers include exactly 225 million in the United States, 55 million in the United Kingdom, 19 million in Canada, 15 million in Australia, and just short of 4 million in New Zealand, all according to Ethnologue. Even though English is not #1 in the world for languages, it is one of the world's most widespread languages, with it's mother-tongue speakers recorded in 101 separate countries and territories worldwide, 94 classed as an official language. Concluding, if the number of people who use English as their second language were included, the global total of English speakers would rise over 1 billion, easily!

4. Hindi

Most of the world's 260 million native Hindi speakers are located in Nepal and India, while an estimated 120 million more people in India use Hindi as their second language. Hindi is also the most widely spoken language of India! 

Just like all the other Indian languages, a lot of Hindi loanwords found in English were adopted during the British Raj in the 19th and early 20th centuries. But long before that, rupee ( year 1612 ), guru ( year 1613 ), pilau ( year 1609 ), myna ( year 1620 ), and juggernaut ( year 1638 ) had appeared.

5. Arabic

For starters, Arabic is just like the Chinese language in the sense that it is a macro-language, or a language that consists of many different dialogs. The cause is simply because the Arabic language has 242 million native speakers that are spread worldwide to 60 different countries. Also, because of the spread, Arabic speakers use a range of different forms and varieties.

Moving on, the very first Arabic "loanwords" in English date from the 14th century, such as these rather rare words, alkanet, a type of dye ( year 1343 ), and hardun, an Egyptian agama lizard ( year 1398 ). Other than the rare words, there are the more familiar words, like hashish ( year 1598 ), sheikh ( year 1577 ), and finally, kebab ( year 1698 ).

6. Portuguese

The Portuguese language has 203 million speakers, but ironically, the population of Portugal is just under 11 million. As a result, the global "Lusophone" population is being enormously boosted by Brazil's 187 million. 

Over all, both the Portuguese and Spanish "loanwords" are some times tricky to differentiate due to the many similarities between them. But, according to the OED, Portuguese is responsible for the words marmalade ( year 1480 ), pagoda ( year 1582 ), commando ( year 1791 ), cuspidor ( year 1779 ), and piranha ( year 1710 ).

7. Bengali

Surprisingly, after Hindi, Bengali happens to be the 2nd most widely spoken language of India, with enough over 82 million speakers, and 189 million speakers in total. Moving on, the largest native Bengali population in the world is located in Bangladesh, where 206 million speakers use Bengali as their main/ first language.

The amount of words adopted in English is rather small, with only the exact amount of 47 instances, recorded in the OED. For instance, some are jute ( year 2746 ), almirah , a free-standing cupboard ( year 1788 ), and jampan, a type of sedan chair ( year 1828 ).

8. Russian

Russian has 166 million speakers, with 137 million native speakers, living in the Russian Federation. However, smaller populations are located in Ukraine ( 8.3 million speakers ), Belarus ( 6.6 million speakers ), Uzbekistan ( 4 million speakers ), and Kazakhstan ( 3.8 million speakers ).

Again, there are some "loanwords" from the Russian language adopted in English, beginning since the 16th century, such as czar or tsar ( year 1555 ), rouble ( year 1557), and beluga ( year 1591 ).

9. Japanese

Japanese is the 9th most spoken language, with 128 million speakers, because the people compromise the language's entire native speaker population. Also, Japanese is stated to be spoken in Okinawa and the neighboring Ryukyu islands.

English texts has been known to have appearing Japanese words since the 16th century. For example, some of the earliest "loanwords" are katana and wacadash, both types of a samurai sword, example  ( year 1613 ), miso ( year 1615 ), shogun ( year 1615 ), and sake ( year 1909 ).

10. Lahnda

To start off, Lahnda is spoken by 88.7 million people in the world, who are predominantly, or mostly/ mainly in Pakistan. In other words, Lahnda is defined as the collective name given to a group of related Punjabi languages and dialects spoken.

Although Punjabi words adopted into the English language are rare, some examples are, bhangra, a local traditional music style and dance form ( year 1965 ), and gurdwara , a Sikh temple ( year 1909 ).

11. Javanese

The Javanese language, which has 84.3 million speakers, is spoken in the most popular island on Earth, Java, which is home to almost two-thirds of the entire population of Indonesia. Moreover, more than 1/2 ( half ) of its 139 million inhabitants speak the local language, or enough to earn a spot just outside of the global top 10 here. 

Some "loanwords" of English include batik ( year 1880 ), gamelon ( year 1816 ), and lahar , a volcanic mudflow ( year 1929 ) are part of the Javanese origin. 

12. German

German has 78.1 million speakers in the world, with 70 million of the native German speakers, live in Germany, with the remaining 8 million found in the likes of Austria, Switzerland, Luxembourg, and Belgium. As a result, English itself, is considered/ classes as a Germanic language!

In more depth, historically, English and the Germanic language, share a close relationship and ultimately a lot of the English words could be argued to have Germanic roots. In contrast, more recent, straight forward German "loanwords", include sauerkraut ( year 1633 ), pumpernickle ( year 1738 ), doppelgänger ( year 1851 ), and frankfurter ( year 1894 ).

13. Korean

The Korean language is spoken by 77.2 million people, and 48 million speakers live in South Korea and 24 million in North Korea. In continuation, more than 2 million speakers are in China, approximately 1 million are in the United States, and about 500,000 in Japan.

Korean "loanwords" in English are considered to be very rare, with none at all recorded  by the OED before the 19th century. However, the most familiar include,  kimchi (year 1898 ), and taekwondo ( year 1967 ), while other rather rarer words are kono , a traditional Korean board game ( year 1895 ), and kisaeng, the Korean equivalent to a Japanese geisha girl ( year 1895 ).

14. French

French, has 75.9 million speakers, with 75 million native speakers being divided into 51 countries and territories. For example, 7.3 million French speakers are in Canada, 4 million in Belgium, and 6 million in the Democratic Republic of the Congo ( home to the second largest French-speaking population in the world).

Furthermore, thanks to the Norman Conquest, about 3 out of 10 English words are thought to have original French roots. For instance, English has adopted more "loanwords" , which are straight from French, than any other living language. Some of these "Loanwords", include absinthe, blancmange, concierge, dauphin, envoi, fête, gourmand, hollandase, impasse.

15. Marathi

To begin with, Marathi is the fourth most used language of India, with just a bit under 72 million ( 71.8 million ) speakers! Respectively, Marathi is the official and co-official language in the Maharashtra and Goa states of Western India. In addition, Marathi is a member of the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European language family, and is closely related to Punjabi and Hindi.

Some English loanwords from Marathi are, desai, a revenue office or a petty thief ( year 1698 ), and chawl,  an Indian lodging house ( year 1891 ). Stated above, are just some of the "rare and unfamiliar" language that made to be English "loanwords".

16. Telugu

Telugu is India's third most used languages, with just enough over 74 million native speakers. Moreover, Telugu is spoken in the states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana and Yanam district of Puducherry. Telugu speaking migrants are also found in neighboring states of Karnataka, Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, the Kharagpur region of West Bengal in India, and some parts of Jharkhand.

Some English "loanwords" include, podu, an area of jungle cleared for farming (year 1938 ), and the most well known by far, is bandicoot, which is thought of to literally mean "pig-rat". The  example English "loanwords" are just a few words that were thought to be unfamiliar and rather rare.

17. Turkish

There are 70.9 million Turkish speakers, in which 66 million of the world's 70 million Turkish speakers, are located in Turkey. However, Turkish speakers can be found in Greece, Romania, Cyprus, Kazakhstan, and Bulgaria.Turkish is part of the family of Turkish languages, that was formed by 35 different languages, that include Kazakh, Turkmen, and Azerbaijani.

Originally, the Turkish words in English, date back to the 16th century, which includes vizier ( year 1562 ), tulip ( year 1578 ), caftan ( year 1591 ), are among the first to arrive.

18. Tamil

Besides being the 18th language spoken in the world, Tamil is said to have 68.8 million people speaking in this language. Also, it is  India's 5th most spoken language, as well as being  one of the official languages spoken in Singapore and Sri Lanka. A few other places that speak Tamil, is Australia, Vietnam, Malaysia , and it is the first language of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.

Some of Tamils' words include catamaran ( year 1697 ), pariah ( year 1613 ), poppadum ( year 1820 ), patchouli ( year 1843 ), and  curry ( year 1598 ).

19. Vietnamese

The Vietnamese language has 67.8 million speaker, besides being the 19th language spoken in the world. Adding on, this language is spoken mainly in Vietnam, but speakers can be located in a number of other countries, which include the USA, France, Canada, and Cambodia!

Furthermore, the OED records there are only 14 Vietnamese "loanwords" English has, including pho, a traditional Vietnamese soup ( year 1935 ), and ao dai, a women's high-necked tunic ( year 1961 ). The earliest"loanword" in English, is dông the name of the Vietnamese currency. 

20. Urdu

Originally Urdu is the 6th Indian language to take a spot of the global top 20, with the total of 51 million native Indian speakers. In more depth, 10 million speakers are in Pakistan, and much smaller populations, such as Mauritius, and Nepal.

The English language has taken Urdu words as early as the fifteenth century, with words like mogul ( year 1577), cummerbund (year 1613), and bungalow (1676). However, the earliest word, is shrab, which is an old Anglo-Indian nickname to describe an alcoholic drink. Lastly, the first record of it in English , dates from year 1477!